The EU affirmed the strategic role of protecting ecosystems in mitigating the climate changes effects, while supporting the resilience of territories. The ECO-SMART project addresses the challenge of improved capacity of monitoring climate change and planning appropriate adaptation measures to avoid negative effects undermining the quality of biodiversity in the areas NATURA2K. The general objective of the ECO-SMART project is to evaluate and to test the crossborder economic feasibility of biodiversity safeguard actions in NATURA2K areas through the pilot application of payment systems for eco systemic services (PES). ECO-SMART will provide: 1) framework to assess the vulnerability to climate change of the involved NATURA2K areas, 2) sustainable adaptation plans through PES models in 3 pilot application at NATURA2K network sites (2 in ITA and 1 in SLO); 3) wide dissemination of harmonized procedures for the application of Ecosystem Services (ESS) approaches, and PES methods for the design of conservation of biodiversity in NATURA2K areas.